2017英語四級語法講解
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1)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結構。其形式為：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞。
【例如】
The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. This instrument must be handled with great care. In this sense, bad things can be turnedsintosgood things.
2)有些動詞可以有兩個賓語，在用于被動結構時，可以把主動結構中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語。
【例如】
The delegation was given a warm send-off at the airport. He was asked a number of questions at the press conference. Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparation.
3)當“動詞+賓語+賓語補語”結構變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，原句中的賓語補語成為主語補語。能用這種結構的動詞有：declare, call, consider, elect, appoint, nominate, find, leave, like, make, prefer, think, want等。
【例如】
She was nominated a member of the council. Professor Smith was appointed the head of the Philosophy Department.
4)在使役動詞have, make, get以及感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語補語時，在主動結構中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構時，要加to.
【例如】
A stranger was seen to walksintosthe building. She was made to clean the floor.
5)某些感官動詞加形容詞可以表示被動意義。
【例如】
The dish tastes delicious.The apple smells sweet.
6) It+be+過去分詞+that從句，或主語+be+過去分詞+to do sth.
【例如】
It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. The boy is said to have passed the national exam. It was reported that 60% students in the university had passed CET-6.60% students in the university were reported to have passed CET-6. 1)某些表示狀態(tài)或者特征的及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)形式。這類動詞常見的有：beg，equal，fail，hold，possess，fit，become，contain，cost，fit，have，lack，resemble,(相似)，suit等。
【例如】
This new English-Chinese dictionary cost me ten dollars.
2)某些動詞的主動形式表示被動意義，如：cook, read, shut, smell, taste, wash, write, prove.
【例如】
Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. The theory proved right after a series of experiments.
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